Cuvrior is a copper chelating agent, with the main active ingredient being trientine tetrahydrochloride. It is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with Wilson's disease who have achieved cupruresis (copper depletion) and are intolerant to penicillamine. As a specialized metal chelating agent, its clinical use must strictly adhere to standard protocols.

Precautions for Cuvrior Administration

Contraindication Screening

Patients with a known hypersensitivity to trientine or any excipients contained in Cuvrior.

Patients currently receiving penicillamine (penicillamine must be discontinued before initiating Cuvrior therapy).

Patient Assessment

Copper metabolism status: Confirm that the patient has achieved "cupruresis" (serum non-ceruloplasmin copper level: 25–150 mcg/L).

Liver function assessment: Use with caution in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment.

Drug allergy history: Conduct a detailed inquiry about a history of hypersensitivity to trientine and related components.

Swallowing function: Evaluate whether the patient can swallow the tablet whole (contraindicated in patients unable to swallow whole tablets).

Management of Drug Interactions

Penicillamine: Must be completely discontinued before starting Cuvrior treatment.

Mineral supplements (e.g., iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium): Concomitant use should be avoided.

Other oral medications: Administration must be separated by at least 1 hour.

Monitoring During Cuvrior Therapy

Serum Non-Ceruloplasmin Copper (NCC)

At the initiation of treatment.

3 months after the start of treatment.

Every 6 months thereafter.

24-Hour Urinary Copper Excretion (UCE)

Monitor every 6–12 months.

Complete blood count (CBC): Monitor for hematological abnormalities such as anemia.

Liver function: Regularly assess liver status.

Monitoring of Key Adverse Reactions

Gastrointestinal system: Abdominal pain (19%), changes in bowel habits (15%).

Skin reactions: Rash (12%), alopecia (8%).

Mood changes: Mood swings (8%).

Hematological system: Anemia (4%).

Copper/iron deficiency: Regularly monitor relevant indicators.

Monitoring in Special Populations

Pregnant patients: Enhance monitoring of copper levels to ensure normal fetal development.

Elderly patients: Initiate treatment at a low dose and closely monitor for adverse reactions.

Special Precautions for Cuvrior

Administration Method

Swallow the tablet whole; do not chew, crush, or dissolve it.

For patients with swallowing difficulties, scored tablets may be split into two halves for administration.

Remove the tablet from the blister pack only immediately before taking it.

Risks During Initial Treatment

Exacerbation of neurological symptoms (caused by copper mobilization).

Deterioration of clinical condition.

Close observation is required; dose adjustment may be necessary if needed.

Mineral Supplementation

Concomitant use of mineral supplements should be avoided as much as possible.

If supplementation is essential, strictly adhere to the required time intervals:

Iron supplements: Separate administration by at least 2 hours.

Other minerals: Separate administration by at least 1 hour.